What is Tuberculosis ?
This is an infectious disease caused by a bacterium called tuberculosis. It primarily affects the lungs but it can also affect other parts of the body like bones, brain, kidneys and spinal cord. The infection of this disease occurs when the bacterium enters the body of a healthy person through contact with the patient’s spit, cough and sneeze or through food, water and air. The bacterium usually attacks the lungs. Sometimes it affects other parts of the body, including the brain.
what are Tuberculosis type ?
- Active TB : In this, the symptoms of the person are clearly visible and it can infect others.
- Latent TB : In this, the person is infected but there are no symptoms of the disease in his body.
What is Symptoms Tuberculosis ?
The symptoms of TB depend on the severity and location of the infection. The main symptoms include-
- Cough continuously for more than two weeks .
- Blood in sputum, excessive fatigue and weakness .
- Rapid weight loss .
- Excessive sweating at night .
- Chest pain and difficulty in breathing .
What is Causes of Tuberculosis ?
- Weak immunity .
- 2 .Malnutrition and poor health .
- Excessive smoking and alcohol consumption .
- Living in a crowded place .
- Lack of proper hygiene and vaccination .
What is Diagnosis ?
- Presence of bacteria is detected by examining sputum .
- TB infection is confirmed by looking at the reaction of inflammation on. the skin .
- 3 .X-ray is done to see the condition of infection in the lungs .
TB is a curable disease, it is necessary to get complete treatment on time. It is treated with DOTS salt therapy in which the patient has to take medicines continuously for 6 months or more. Cleanliness.
- Rooms of the house should be kept clean.
- There should be adequate provision of air and sunlight.
- Contact with patients should be avoided. Patients should be given proper nutrition.
- Children should begiven BCG vaccine.
what is treatment of Tuberculosis ?
Tuberculosis (TB) Treatment:
Here’s a listwise overview of TB treatment:
First-Line Medications:
- Isoniazid (INH): Targets TB bacteria, preventing growth and spread.
- Rifampicin (RIF): Inhibits RNA synthesis in TB bacteria.
- Pyrazinamide (PZA): Effective against TB bacteria in acidic environments.
Key Principles:
- Directly Observed Treatment, Short-Course (DOTS): Ensures adherence and effectiveness.
- Monitoring: Regular check-ups and sputum tests to assess treatment response.
Treatment Outcomes:
- Cure: Achievable with proper treatment and adherence.
- Treatment failure: May occur due to resistance or non-adherence.
- Relapse: Can occur if treatment is incomplete or interrupted.
Additional Considerations:
- Drug-resistant TB: Requires specialized treatment regimens.
Effective TB treatment requires a comprehensive approach, including proper medication, adherence, and monitoring.
Medicines should be taken as per doctor’s advice.
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